Hammer crusher



Nov. 28, 1933. s. D. HARTSHORN 1,936,599

HAMMER CRUSHER Filed July 12, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet l Ixvnwron;

Stanley D. Hurtshom Nov. 28, 1933. s HARTSHORN 1,936,599

HAMMER CRUSHER Filed July 12, 1930 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR: Stanley Ill-for shurn Patented Nov. 28, 1933 UNETED STATES Application July 12, 1336). Serial No. 467,461

1 Claim.

This invention relates to hammer crushers and one object of the invention is to provide a crushing structure with an improved form of hopper receiving the material to be crushed; such hopper providing an enlarged throat or feed opening and having an inclined feed plate over which the material to be crushed passes directly into the path or" the moving hammers in. the direction of their travel and hurled against a breaker plate disposed directly opposite such feed plate. The feed opening is of such a size and is so disposed that the material is delivered on top of the moving hammers in ccntradistinction to the usual delivery at the end or the crusher frame; such arrangement permitting the delivery of large lumps of material.

A further object of the invention is to provide a hopper with an enlarged throat or feed opening and to provide an overhanging roof or cover portion disposed at an angle or arched and serving as the top Wall of such enlarged feed opening; such top Wall serving also in some measure as a breaker plate and in all instances as a guard to prevent discharge of flying fragments.

A further object of the invention is to provide such hopper in a form that may be detachably connected to the frame or the crusher structure; one part of such detachable portion carrying the feed plate and the breaker plate.

These and other features of my invention are more fully described hereinafter; reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, in which:

Figure l is a sectional elevationsoi the improved crusher structure forming the subject of my invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation on the line IIII, Fig. 1, looking in the direction of the arrow, and

Fig. 3 is a plan view of the structure below the line X, Fig. 1.

My improved structure has been designed especially for the reduction or more or less readily friable material containing large lumps which may be fed directly on top of the hammers through the enlarged feed opening Run-oi:- mine coal of a bituminous nature usually contains a certain proportion of large lumps which heretofore have either been separated from the mass and broken into smaller pieces before being -fed to the usual Crushers or have required large crushing structures for their reduction. Among other materials of a more or less readily friable nature containing large lumps for the reduction of which my improved structure is particularly adapted, I may mention burnt lime, and various shades.

There is a distinct field for a crushing struc-.

(Cl. li -11) character and much larger in size has been designed. Such material is introduced substantially on top of the hamme s and the large lumps will be retained on top of the rotor until they have been reduced to a small size by the hammers and the special form of breaker plate employed, which has a projecting portion disposed toward the inclined feed plate or" the hopper. The initial crushing takes place in the hopper and when the large lumps have been reduced sufficiently they pass between the lower inclined surface of the breaker plate (or plates) and the ends or tips of the hammers.

The crushing structure to which my improvements have been applied may be of any usual type, that illustrated in the present instance comprising a frame 1; a shaft 2 suitably journaled with respect thereto, and a hammer-carrying rotor structure mounted on said shaft, which rotor structure may include the usual end disks 3, and disks 4 carrying rods 5 from which the hammers 6 are hung. These hammers cooperate with a screen or cage which may be made up of side members '7 and cross bars 8; such cage being pivotally mounted at '7 and capable of adjustment in the usual manner. The cage carries a breaker plate l and a tramp-iron pocket of usual construction may be provided; as indicated at 9. The frame 1 and the several parts of the crushing mechanism just enumerated may occupy a position below the line Y Fig. l.

The upper part of the crusher frame may include a flanged portion 10 which may be part of a series of angle members securedexternally of the-walls of said frame or otherwise provided. superposed upon the frame 1 and preferably secured to said flanged portion 10, is the improved feed chute or hopper structure forming the subject of my invention. This comprises a suitable frame which may be made up of structural or cast members or made in one piece, as may be desired. In the present instance channel members 11 are illustrated as making up this frame whose corners may be secured together in any approved manner; such frame in plan being of the same dimensions as the crusher frame 1. The front of the improved hopper structure (to the left of 1) may be made up of a cast member 1, having an inclined face l2 (which may approximate an angle of 45) forming substantially the bottom of the hopper and serving to direct on top or the hammers the material introduced into the hopper structure.

The member 12 .may have end flanges 12 which are secured to the side walls (which may be the members 11) of the superposed feed chute or hopper structure. This member 12 may also serve to laterally stay the sides of the feed chute or hopper structure to which it is secured.

Externally of and on top of said feed chute or hopper structure adjacent the feed plate or hopper member 12 I may provide a cover plate 11 and this may have an extension or flange 11 welded or otherwise secured thereto to which the wall (or walls) of an external and supplemental feed chute (not shown) may be connected. The face or end of the hopper opposite the feed plate 12 may be defined by a plate or wall 13 suitably secured in place and which may extend above the side walls of the feed chute or hopper structure. This plate or wall 13 is arranged at a slight angle-approaching the perpendicularand it may be in substantial alignment with the surface of a breaker place 7 carried by the cage structure adjacent its pivotal connection 7 This plate or wall 13 is a part of the hopper structure and may be connected to the walls of the same in any suitable manner.

Detachably mounted upon the inner face of said wall 13, is a breaker plate or wall 15 having a plurality of surfaces or planes which may be arranged at an angle to each other; the upper face 15 being inclined toward the axis of rotation, while the face 15 extends in the opposite direction and may be nearly or substantially at right angles to the face 15 The angularity of these faces 15 and 15 provides a projecting portion which extends entirely across the hopper.

It will be obvious of course that the breaker wall 15 may be in sections if desired, and that it may be integral with the wall 13; such combined structure being in sections or otherwise as may be desired. In the present instance the breaker plate 15 is adjustably mounted with respect to the wall 13 and is detachable therefrom when worn to permit renewal. It may have a lug (or lugs) 16 passing through an opening (or openings) in the wall 13 and held thereto by a wedge (or wedges) 16 in addition to securing bolts and nuts 17 and 17. position may be changed, if desired.

Mounted on top of the feed chute or hopper structure is a cover member which may comprise a top or roof composed of sections 20 and 21, and side walls 22 of suitable construction. The side walls are preferably lined with wear plates 2'2 and the roof preferably carries the wear liners 20 and 21 suitably secured in place. The roof is preferably made in two sections, and the upper section 21 may be provided with a flange 21 for connection with an external and supplemental feed chute (not shown). The liner 20 extends to the wall 13 and the side liners or wear plates 22 may stop at the same point. The cover is preferably hinged to the hopper structure at 23'; the lower roof section 20 being extended to and overlying the upper flange of the end wall of the feed chute or hopper structure and carrying a suitable hinge member for engagement with a complemental part carried by said end wall.

This cover or roof structure preferably extends from such hinge to the flange 11 of the cover plate 11 at the front of the hopper structure. If desired retaining means may be employed, but

under usual circumstances, the weight of such Its angularity of' cover or roof will be sufiicient to hold it in place.

In my improved arrangement the hammer-carrying rotor moves in the direction of the arrow (4', Fig. l and in consequence the hammers engage the material in the same direction that it is moving under gravity over the surface 12 of the feed plate 12 into the crushing space; such hammers hurling the material against the roof and the breaker plate (or plates) disposed opposite the feed opening. In such action there is some tendency to lift the material being crushed and insure a preliminary breaking in the upper part of the structure before such material reaches the lower crushing zone where the hammers cooperate with the cross bars of the cage. By arranging the feed or delivery of material to be crushed in the direction of the moving hammers such material, especially large lumps, is lifted and held on top of the hammers and subject to their impact until it is reduced to a size that will permit passage between the breaker walls and 7 and the hammers for further reduction by the latter in cooperation with the bars 8 of the cage.

It will be noted that the opening to the hopper structuredefined by the cross plate 12, the roof or cover 20, and the sides 22 is rectangular-substantially square-and that it is of substantially the same area as the space between the cross plate 12 and the wall 13 (or the breaker plate 15 mounted thereon) and the side liners of the hopper structure defined by. the walls of the same, in the present instance the members 11. The improved hopper structure provides an enlarged opening for the free reception of material to be crushed including the large sized lumps, and the roof or cover, in addition to providing a breaking surface, insures the retention of such material and prevents the discharge of flying fragments rebounding from the surface of the same or the surfaces of the breaker wall 15 which, it will be noted, extends to the wear plate underlying the roof or cover structure.

I claim:

The combination with a hammer crusher comprising a frame, a hammer-carrying rotor structure and a cage below said rotor structure; said cage carrying a breaker plate, of a shallow demountable frame of the same dimensions in plan as the crusher frame and superposedupon the latter; said demountable frame forming a hopper, oppositely disposed inclined plates mounted within said hopper frame and forming a feed opening for the material to be crushed and arranged to deliver such material in the direction of movement of the hammers; one of said inclined plates being the feed plate and the other serving as a breaker wall and arranged at the far side of the chute and said breaker wall having a plurality of inclined surfaces, and an inclined cover for said'hopper overlying the breaker wall; the latter extending above the side walls of the hopper frame adjacent to the inclined cover.

STANLEY D. HARTSHORN. 

